Globálny slovník portálu IMED

Pojem: 
Imunomodulácia
Definícia: 

terapeutické či preventívne zásahy do činnosti imunitného systému s cieľom ich ovplyvnenia v prospech homeostázy organizmu

Kľúčové slovo: 
Imunomodulácia
Pojem: 
Primárne imunodeficiencie
Definícia: 

Sú to geneticky podmienené stavy, pri ktorých niektorá alebo viaceré zložky imunitného systému sú znížené, úplne chýbajú alebo fungujú neprimerane.

Kľúčové slovo: 
Imunodeficiencia
Pojem: 
Fyziologická chorobnosť dieťaťa
Definícia: 

Ide o vekovo primeranú frekvenciu infekčných ochorení v detskom veku vzhľadom na procesy maturácie imunitného systému

Kľúčové slovo: 
Imunitný systém
Pojem: 
Tree in bud
Definícia: 

<p>zauž&iacute;van&yacute; r&aacute;diologick&yacute; pojem pre HRCT obraz nodul&aacute;ci&iacute;, tvoriacich obraz, podobaj&uacute;ci sa ra&scaron;iacemu stromu, ktor&eacute; maj&uacute; line&aacute;rny tvar v tvare V alebo Y. Pojem sa nepreklad&aacute; do slovensk&eacute;ho jazyka.&nbsp;</p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
postihnutie drobných dýchacích ciest
HRCT
Pojem: 
Crazy paving
Definícia: 

<p>anglick&yacute; r&aacute;diologick&yacute; pojem zauž&iacute;van&yacute; pre označenie obrazu opacifik&aacute;ci&iacute; typu mliečneho skla a s&uacute;časn&eacute;ho v&yacute;skytu zhrubnutia interlobul&aacute;rnych sept v HRCT obraze. Obraz pripom&iacute;na dlaždice použ&iacute;van&eacute; v minulosti na dlaždenie&nbsp;ul&iacute;c&nbsp;v <span lang=\"CS\">Buenos Aires v&nbsp;Argent&iacute;ne. </span>Pojem sa nepreklad&aacute; do slovensk&eacute;ho jazyka.&nbsp;</p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
interstícium
HRCT
Pojem: 
Kryptogénna organizujúca pneumónia
Definícia: 

<p>(skratka COP) je idiopatick&aacute; proliferat&iacute;vna obojstrann&aacute; bronchiolit&iacute;da prejavuj&uacute;ca sa obojstrann&yacute;mi perif&eacute;rnymi a perilobul&aacute;rnymi a bronchocentrick&yacute;mi opacifik&aacute;ciami.</p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
interstícium
pneumónia
Pojem: 
Safenofemorálna ligatúra so stripingom a flebektómiami
Definícia: 

ligatúra safenofemorálnej junkcie, odstránenie vena saphena magna strippingom v rozsahu slabina - podkolenný úsek, alebo slabina - členok. Exstirpácia varixov z viacerých malých incízií

Kľúčové slovo: 
Safenofemorálna ligatúra so stripingom a flebektómiami
Pojem: 
Stripping
Definícia: 

odstránenie priameho úseku vény (vena saphena magna, parva alebo iná véna) pomocou vodiča – strippera, ktorý sa zavedie do vény. Odoberateľný násadec strippera sa upevní ligatúrou k oddelenému koncu vény a ťahom za druhý koniec strippera sa véna odstráni

Kľúčové slovo: 
Stripping
Pojem: 
Endovenózna laserová ablácia (EVLA)
Definícia: 

miniinvazívna termická deštrukcia úseku vény, ktorá má za výsledok fibrózu vény.Teplo sa vytvára pôsobením lasera na chromofóry v krvi a tkanivách. Pri nižších vlnových dĺžkach je to hlavne hemoglobín, pri vyšších vlnových dĺžkach voda a kolagén. Stena vény sa ohrieva pravdepodobne bublinkami za varu krvi. Laserové vlákno neposkytuje spätnoväzobnú informáciu o teplote okolitého tkaniva. Môže sa meniť množstvo a forma dodanej energie – kontinuálne alebo pulzne. Laserové vlákno sa postupne vyťahuje z vény za kontroly ultrazvukom.

Kľúčové slovo: 
Endovenózna laserová ablácia (EVLA)
Pojem: 
Pôsobenie liekov na tkanivové štruktúry oka
Definícia: 

<p>Celkovo pod&aacute;van&eacute; lieky sa cez cievny syst&eacute;m dost&aacute;vaj&uacute; aj do tkanivov&yacute;ch &scaron;trukt&uacute;r oka. Komplexn&yacute; syst&eacute;m tkanivov&yacute;ch &scaron;trukt&uacute;r oka s mnoh&yacute;mi enz&yacute;mov&yacute;mi syst&eacute;mami m&ocirc;že byť preto podľa farmakodynamick&yacute;ch vlastnost&iacute; s&uacute;časne&nbsp;ovplyvnen&yacute; p&ocirc;soben&iacute;m celkovo aplikovan&yacute;ch liekov. N&aacute;sledkom m&ocirc;žu vznikn&uacute;ť nežiaduce ak&uacute;tne, alebo chronick&eacute; (až ireverzibiln&eacute;) zmeny tkanivov&yacute;ch &scaron;trukt&uacute;r očnej gule.</p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
Nežiaduce účinky liekov na oko
Pojem: 
Abstinencia
Definícia: 

<p><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; font-size: 16px;\">Zdržanlivosť, striedmosť, zložit&yacute; a diferencovan&yacute; mechanizmus viazan&yacute; na subjekt, na ktor&yacute; vpl&yacute;vaj&uacute; exog&eacute;nne a endog&eacute;nne činitele, jej realiz&aacute;cia je mimoriadne ťažk&aacute; - abstinencia ako životn&yacute; &scaron;t&yacute;l alebo abstinencia prijat&aacute; ako ochrann&yacute; mechanizmus (www.infodrogy.sk).</span></p>
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Kľúčové slovo: 
zdržanlivosť
striedmosť
Pojem: 
Abstinenčný syndróm
Definícia: 

<p><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-ansi-language: SK; mso-fareast-language: SK; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"SK\">Pr&iacute;tomnosť nepr&iacute;jemn&yacute;ch fyzick&yacute;ch a niekedy aj psychick&yacute;ch pr&iacute;znakov, ak organizmus nie je intoxikovan&yacute; drogou &ndash; alkoholom, v&yacute;skyt a intenzita z&aacute;vis&iacute; od stupňa vytvorenej fyzickej z&aacute;vislosti, indik&aacute;tor fyzickej z&aacute;vislosti (www.infodrogy.sk).</span><!--EndFragment--></p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
nepríjemné fyzické a psychické príznaky
Pojem: 
Alkohol
Definícia: 

<p><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; font-size: small;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-ansi-language: SK; mso-fareast-language: SK; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"SK\">Je zn&aacute;my už od praveku, z&iacute;skava sa z pr&iacute;rodn&yacute;ch zdrojov, chemicky ide o etylalkohol. Ovplyvňuje predov&scaron;etk&yacute;m l&aacute;tkov&uacute; premenu a nervov&yacute; syst&eacute;m. Farmakologick&eacute; vlastnosti s&uacute; tlmiv&eacute;, euforizačn&eacute; a analgetick&eacute;. Je v&scaron;eobecne vn&iacute;man&yacute; ako spoločensky akceptovan&aacute;, &bdquo;leg&aacute;lna droga&ldquo;. Alkoholov&aacute; z&aacute;vislosť patr&iacute; medzi jeden z najz&aacute;važnej&scaron;&iacute;ch medic&iacute;nskych a spoločensk&yacute;ch probl&eacute;mov. Alkohol m&ocirc;že mať svojim p&ocirc;soben&iacute;m na psychiku a soci&aacute;lne spr&aacute;vanie človeka negat&iacute;vny vplyv nielen na samotn&eacute;ho jedinca, ale aj na cel&eacute; soci&aacute;lne prostredie (www.infodrogy.sk).</span><!--EndFragment--></span></p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
etylalkohol ovplyvňujúci najmä látkovú premenu a nervový systém
Pojem: 
Craving
Definícia: 

<p><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; font-size: small;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-ansi-language: SK; mso-fareast-language: SK; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"SK\">Prahnutie (baženie), v&yacute;znamn&yacute; znak z&aacute;vislosti, t&uacute;žba pociťovať &uacute;činky psychoakt&iacute;vnej l&aacute;tky, s ktorou už mal jednotlivec sk&uacute;senosť (www.infodrogy.sk).</span><!--EndFragment--></span></p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
prahnutie
Pojem: 
Závislosť
Definícia: 

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Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\" 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<![endif]--> <!--StartFragment--><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-ansi-language: SK; mso-fareast-language: SK; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"SK\">S&uacute;bor pr&iacute;znakov (sympt&oacute;mov), ktor&eacute; vznikaj&uacute; n&aacute;sledkom p&ocirc;sobenia pr&iacute;slu&scaron;n&eacute;ho podnetu (už&iacute;vanie alkoholu) na organizmus alebo psychiku človeka, pr&iacute;znaky sa aktivizuj&uacute; pri oslaben&iacute; p&ocirc;sobenia podnetu, ale najm&auml; pri jeho absencii, v&aacute;&scaron;niv&aacute; (chorobn&aacute;) t&uacute;žba mimo autoregulačn&yacute;ch možnost&iacute; postihnut&eacute;ho (www.infodrogy.sk)</span><!--EndFragment--></p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
vášnivá (chorobná) túžba
Pojem: 
Invaginácia
Definícia: 

Teleskopické vsunutie orálneho segmentu čreva do aborálneho spolu s mezentériom, ktoré vyvoláva strangulačný ileus (syn. invaginácia, intususcepcia, zapošvenie).

Kľúčové slovo: 
invaginácia
Pojem: 
Intususcepcia
Definícia: 

Teleskopické vsunutie orálneho segmentu čreva do aborálneho spolu s mezentériom, ktoré vyvoláva strangulačný ileus ( syn. invaginácia, intususcepcia, zapošvenie).

Kľúčové slovo: 
intususcepcia
Pojem: 
Zapošvenie
Definícia: 

Teleskopické vsunutie orálneho segmentu čreva do aborálneho spolu s mezentériom, ktoré vyvoláva strangulačný ileus ( syn. invaginácia, intususcepcia, zapošvenie).

Kľúčové slovo: 
zapošvenie
Pojem: 
Danceov príznak
Definícia: 

Typický nález pri invaginácii čreva. Pohmatovo prázdne pravé hypogastrium a hmatná rezistencia v dutine brušnej.

Kľúčové slovo: 
invaginácia

Stránky