Globálny slovník portálu IMED

Pojem: 
Glennova operácia, cirkulácia
Definícia: 

Operácia, II. etapa – jednokomorového riešenia cirkulácie – napojenie hornej dutej žily na artériu pulmonalis, krv z dolnej dutej žily sa vracia do spoločnej komory. Citované z: Vybrané kapitoly z detskej kardiológie. Súčasné trendy v detskej invazívnej kardiológii.
UK Bratislava, 2010, ISBN 978-80-223-28876.
http://www.fmed.uniba.sk/fileadmin/user_upload/editors/akademicka_knizni...

Kľúčové slovo: 
napojenie hornej dutej žily na artériu pulmonalis
Pojem: 
Fontanovská cirkulácia
Definícia: 

Operácia, jednokomorová cirkulácia po III. etape chirurgického riešenia, zväčša formou totálneho kavopulmonálneho spojenia (TCPC), obe duté žily sú spojené priamo na pľúcnice.
Citované z : Vybrané kapitoly z detskej kardiológie. Súčasné trendy v detskej invazívnej kardiológii. UK Bratislava, 2010, ISBN 978-80-223-28876.
http://www.fmed.uniba.sk/fileadmin/user_upload/editors/akademicka_knizni...

Kľúčové slovo: 
napojenie hornej dutej a dolnej dutej žily na artériu pulmonalis
Pojem: 
Fenester
Definícia: 

Malý otvor v tuneli pri fontanovskej cirkulácii, ktorý ponecháva chirurg ako ventil a ktorý umožňuje pravo – ľavý skrat. Uzatvára sa spontánne alebo pomocou Amplatzovho okludora.
Citované z : Vybrané kapitoly z detskej kardiológie. Súčasné trendy v detskej invazívnej kardiológii. UK Bratislava, 2010, ISBN 978-80-223-28876.
http://www.fmed.uniba.sk/fileadmin/user_upload/editors/akademicka_knizni...

Kľúčové slovo: 
otvor v tuneli pri fontanovskej cirkulácii umožňujúci pravo – ľavý skrat
Pojem: 
ponámahová astma
Definícia: 

<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">
Lek&aacute;r Aretheus z&nbsp;Kapadokie už okolo r. 150 n.l. nap&iacute;sal: &bdquo;Ak m&aacute; niekto kv&ocirc;li behu, gymnastick&eacute;mu cvičeniu alebo inej n&aacute;mahe sťažen&eacute; d&yacute;chanie, naz&yacute;va sa to astma&ldquo;. Hyperventil&aacute;cia počas telesnej n&aacute;mahy vedie v doln&yacute;ch d&yacute;chac&iacute;ch cest&aacute;ch k strat&aacute;m vody, čo m&aacute; za n&aacute;sledok zv&yacute;&scaron;enie osmolarity v sliznici doln&yacute;ch d&yacute;chac&iacute;ch ciest. Tento podnet vedie k uvoľneniu leukotri&eacute;nov, ktor&eacute; zv&yacute;&scaron;ia priepustnosťkapil&aacute;r pre vodu a osmolarita sa uprav&iacute;. Vedľaj&scaron;&iacute;m produktom tejto korekčnej reakcie je bronchospazmus navoden&yacute; p&ocirc;soben&iacute;m leukotri&eacute;nov na hlad&eacute; svalstvo d&yacute;chac&iacute;ch ciest (astmatici na bunk&aacute;ch hladk&eacute;ho svastva exprimuj&uacute; v&yacute;razne viac leukotri&eacute;nov&yacute;ch receptorov). Hovor&iacute;me o n&aacute;mahou provokovanom bronchospazme, ktor&yacute; m&ocirc;že ostať bezpr&iacute;znakov&yacute; (d&aacute; sa zistiť a zmerať s&eacute;riou spirometrick&yacute;ch vy&scaron;etren&iacute;) ale m&ocirc;že sa aj klinicky manifestovať ako pon&aacute;mahov&aacute; astma. Pon&aacute;mahov&yacute; bronchospamus sa vyskytuje u 40-90 % astmatikov (u det&iacute; b&yacute;va častej&scaron;&iacute;), ale testami sa d&aacute; detegovať aj u&nbsp; 3-15 % v bežnej zdravej popul&aacute;cii.&nbsp;</p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
astma
Pojem: 
Lokalizovaná sklerodermia
Definícia: 

<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">
Term&iacute;nom sklerodermia označujeme heterog&eacute;nnu skupinu chor&ocirc;b charakterizovan&uacute; vznikom &bdquo;tuhej&ldquo; kože, podmienen&yacute;m zv&yacute;&scaron;enou produkciou a&nbsp;sklerotiz&aacute;ciou v&auml;ziva. Jej lokalizovan&uacute; formu charakterizuje ohraničen&eacute; postihnutie kože a&nbsp;podkožn&eacute;ho tkaniva, vz&aacute;cne aj priľahl&eacute;ho svalov&eacute;ho a&nbsp;kostn&eacute;ho tkaniva.</p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
tuhá koža
Pojem: 
VATS lobektómia
Definícia: 

<p>
Videoasistovan&aacute; torakoskopick&aacute; resekcia pľ&uacute;cneho laloka založen&aacute; na individu&aacute;lnom preru&scaron;en&iacute; &scaron;trukt&uacute;r pľ&uacute;cneho h&iacute;lu pomocou kamery a in&scaron;trument&aacute;ria zaveden&eacute;ho prostredn&iacute;ctvom dvoch alebo&nbsp;troch mal&yacute;ch inc&iacute;zii a pomocnej malej torakot&oacute;mie bez roz&scaron;irovania rebier.</p>

Pojem: 
Kognitiva
Definícia: 

jsou látky, které zlepšují vnímání, učení a paměť. Lze je také označit jako látky „antiamnestické“.

Rozdělení: 

Nootropní látky
Ostatní kognitiva
Nootropní látky stimulují duševní funkce tím, že zlepšují metabolismus a prokrvení CNS. Jsou používány ke zlepšení mentálních funkcí jako je paměť, kognice, inteligence, pozornost a koncentrace, a to především u poruch s poúrazovou a organickou etiologií. Příznivé účinky se projevují až po dlouhodobém podávání. Působení nootropik nevede k lékové závislosti a mají jen malé nežádoucí účinky. Zahrnují mnoho látek z různých chemických skupin, které mají různé mechanismy účinku. Někdy jsou řazeny do skupiny psychostimulancií.
Piracetam
Jedná se o cyklický derivát GABA (kyselina gama-aminomáselná). Příznivě ovlivňuje látkovou výměnu nervových buněk. Snadno proniká do CNS, kde zvyšuje metabolismus glukózy. Má spasmolytický účinek na cévy a snižuje viskozitu krve. Díky tomu zvyšuje průtok krve mozkem.
Pyritinol
Je chemicky blízká látka vitaminu B6 (pyridoxin). Zvyšuje regionální prokrvení mozkové tkáně.
Meklofenoxat
Připomíná jedním koncem molekuly acetylcholin, druhým prokain. Proniká rychle do CNS a zvyšuje zde metabolismus glukózy.
Námelové alkaloidy se sympatolytickým účinkem (např. nicergolit, dihydroergotoxin), navíc ovlivňují adrenergní a serotoninergní receptory.
Látky ovlivňující reologické vlastnosti krve (cinarizin, flunarizin, nimodipin aj.)

Ostatní kognitiva

Používají se zejména k léčbě chronických stavů. Jejich hlavní indikací je Alzheimerova choroba (u které mohou zpomalit progresi) a jiné typy demencí. Jedná se o různé skupiny látek s odlišným mechanismem účinku.
Inhibitory acetylcholinesterázy – vychází z předpokladu, že poruchy paměti jsou způsobeny deficitem cholinergního systému.
Tacrin, Donezepil, Rivastigmin
Atypická antidepresiva
Neuropeptidy
Riluzol – inhibuje uvolňování glutamátu a děje vyvolané excitačními aminokyselinami, má komplexní neuroprotektivní účinky.
Zdroj: Wikiskripta http://www.wikiskripta.eu/index.php/Kognitiva

Kľúčové slovo: 
paměť
Pojem: 
Paraganglia
Definícia: 

<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; color: #0a0905; mso-ansi-language: CS; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">Paraganglia<em> </em>jsou shluky buněk vegetativn&iacute;ho, sympatick&eacute;ho i parasympatick&eacute;ho syst&eacute;mu, kter&eacute; vycestovaly během embryon&aacute;ln&iacute;ho v&yacute;voje z&nbsp;neur&aacute;ln&iacute; li&scaron;ty. Největ&scaron;&iacute; nahromaděn&iacute; těchto elementů nach&aacute;z&iacute;me ve dřeni nadledvin, reprezentuj&iacute;c&iacute; tzv. adren&aacute;ln&iacute;, katecholaminy produkuj&iacute;c&iacute; paraganglia. Velmi mal&aacute;, až mikroskopick&aacute; paranglia se vyskytuj&iacute; v&nbsp;oblasti břicha při odstupu a. mesenterica inf. (tzv. Zuckerkandlův org&aacute;n), kolem aorty bři&scaron;n&iacute; retroperitone&aacute;lně (glomus aorticum), na hrudn&iacute;ku pak v&nbsp;plic&iacute;ch. Na krku je nach&aacute;z&iacute;me v&nbsp;karotick&eacute; vidlici (glomus caroticum), v&nbsp;hrtanu (pod&eacute;l větv&iacute; n. vagus) a ve sp&aacute;nkov&eacute; kosti. Maj&iacute; funkci chemoreceptorů, monitoruj&iacute;c&iacute;ch parci&aacute;ln&iacute; tensi krevn&iacute;ch plynů. Jejich dal&scaron;&iacute;m &uacute;kolem je stimulace imunitn&iacute; odpovědi, kdy z&nbsp;makrof&aacute;gů uvolněn&eacute; cytokiny se v&aacute;ž&iacute; na paragangliov&eacute; buňky um&iacute;stěn&eacute; pod&eacute;l n. vagi, jež uvolňuj&iacute; neurotransmitery. Jimi stimulovan&yacute; nerv pak před&aacute;v&aacute; sign&aacute;ly do hypothalamu<strong>.&nbsp; </strong>Citov&aacute;no z</span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-ansi-language: CS; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">: </span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: CS; mso-fareast-language: CS; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">World of Anatomy and Physiology</span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ansi-language: CS; mso-fareast-language: CS; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">. &copy;2005-2006 Thomson Gale.</span></p>

Kategória:

Kľúčové slovo: 
paraganglia
Pojem: 
Schneideriánský papilom
Definícia: 

<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: CS; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">Je benign&iacute; tumor, vych&aacute;zej&iacute;c&iacute; z&nbsp;ektoderm&aacute;lně derivovan&eacute;, respiračn&iacute;m epitelem kryt&eacute; Schneiderovy membr&aacute;ny, jež lemuje later&aacute;ln&iacute; stěnu nosn&iacute;. Tato afekce přestavuje jen asi 5 % v&scaron;ech sinonaz&aacute;ln&iacute;ch tumorů. Etiologie je pravděpodobně virov&aacute;. Po str&aacute;nce patomorfologick&eacute; rozli&scaron;ujeme 3 formy, exofytickou, invertovanou a onkocyt&aacute;rn&iacute;, jejich vz&aacute;jemn&yacute; vztah v&scaron;ak nen&iacute; zcela jasn&yacute;. Posledně dvě uveden&eacute; varianty jsou lok&aacute;lně agresivn&iacute;, infiltruj&iacute; do orbity či intrakrani&aacute;lně. </span><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Trebuchet MS&quot;; mso-ansi-language: CS; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">Při ne&uacute;pln&eacute;m odstraněn&iacute; recidivuj&iacute;, a v&nbsp;5 % doch&aacute;z&iacute; k&nbsp;jejich malign&iacute;mu zvratu. Citov&aacute;no z: Barnes, L.: </span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: \'Times New Roman\', serif;\">&nbsp;</span></strong><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: \'Times New Roman\', serif;\">Schneiderian papillomas and nonsalivary glandular neoplasms of the head and neck. </span><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: \'Times New Roman\', serif;\" lang=\"DA\">Mod. Pathol. 2002; 15:279&ndash;297.</span></p>

Kategória:

Kľúčové slovo: 
sliznice nosní
tumor
Pojem: 
Karcinoid
Definícia: 

<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: CS; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">N&aacute;dor z&nbsp;buněk dif&uacute;zn&iacute;ho endokrinn&iacute;ho syst&eacute;mu (Kultschitzk&eacute;ho buňky), jež nach&aacute;z&iacute;me v&nbsp;gastrointestin&aacute;ln&iacute;m traktu. Tam, kde se tyto buňky nevyskytuj&iacute; (tj. respiračn&iacute; trakt a středou&scaron;&iacute;), jsou předpokl&aacute;dan&yacute;m origem multipotentn&iacute; kmenov&eacute; buňky sliznic. Pro histopatologickou diagn&oacute;zu je vedle z&aacute;kladn&iacute; histomorfologie nutn&yacute; histochemick&yacute;, imunohistochemick&yacute;, ev. i ultrastruktur&aacute;ln&iacute; průkaz jeho neuroendokrinn&iacute; povahy. Zcela obecně jde o karcinomy s&nbsp;n&iacute;zk&yacute;m stupněm malignity, vyznačuj&iacute;c&iacute; se velmi protrahovan&yacute;m průběhem a pozdn&iacute;m metast&aacute;zov&aacute;n&iacute;m. Biologick&aacute; agresivita je v&nbsp;individu&aacute;ln&iacute;ch př&iacute;padech určena lokalizac&iacute; n&aacute;doru a jeho velikost&iacute;.&nbsp; Citov&aacute;no z: </span><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: MyriadPro-Light; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Light; mso-ansi-language: CS; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">Barkmanov&aacute; J. Karcinoidy. Onkologie. 2009;3:336&ndash;342. </span><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-ansi-language: CS; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\"><a href=\"http://www.onkologiecs.cz/pdfs/xon/2009/06/04.pdf\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: MyriadPro-Light; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Light;\">http://www.onkologiecs.cz/pdfs/xon/2009/06/04.pdf</span></strong></a></s...

Kľúčové slovo: 
endokrinní nádory
Pojem: 
Derangement syndróm
Definícia: 

<p>Je sp&ocirc;soben&yacute; &scaron;truktur&aacute;lnou zmenou &nbsp;na &uacute;rovni pohybov&eacute;ho segmentu. Charakteristick&yacute; je fenom&eacute;nom centraliz&aacute;cie. Pri vykon&aacute;van&iacute; pohybu jedn&yacute;m smerom doch&aacute;dza k odstr&aacute;neniu, čiže centraliz&aacute;cii sympt&oacute;mov k plnej obnove hybnosti. Opačnou situ&aacute;ciou je periferiz&aacute;cia. Opačn&yacute; smer pohybu &nbsp;zhor&scaron;uje, periferizuje sympt&oacute;my. Znamen&aacute; to, že sympt&oacute;my sa &scaron;&iacute;ria do horn&yacute;ch alebo doln&yacute;ch končat&iacute;n, k lakťu, pod lakeť, na doln&yacute;ch končatin&aacute;ch ku kolenu alebo pod koleno.</p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
derangement
Pojem: 
Derangement syndróm v kombinácii s dysfunkčným syndrómom
Definícia: 

<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #222222; font-family: \'Times New Roman\', serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969);\">Terapeut mus&iacute; rozpoznať spr&aacute;vanie sa sympt&oacute;mov počas opakovan&yacute;ch pohybov. Napr&iacute;klad u&nbsp;pacienta s&nbsp;derangementom sympt&oacute;my menia svoju lokalitu a&nbsp;rozsah pohybu, u&nbsp;pacienta s&nbsp;dysfunkciou s&uacute; vždy v&nbsp;rovnakej lokalite. Rozsah pohybu sa v&yacute;razne nemen&iacute;. Tento jav sa často vyskytuje po redukcii derangementu. Pacient m&aacute; zostatkov&uacute; centr&aacute;lnu bolesť na konci rozsahu pohybu.</span></p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
derangement
Pojem: 
Dysfunkčný syndróm
Definícia: 

<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #222222; font-family: \'Times New Roman\', serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969);\">Zapr&iacute;čiňuje &scaron;truktur&aacute;lne po&scaron;koden&eacute;ho m&auml;kk&eacute;ho tkaniva n&aacute;sledkom zhojenia po predo&scaron;lej traume, z&aacute;palovom, alebo degenerat&iacute;vnom procese. Bolesť je pociťovan&aacute; pri nap&iacute;nan&iacute; po&scaron;koden&eacute;ho tkaniva, čiže na konci rozsahu pohybu</span><strong style=\"color: #222222; font-family: \'Times New Roman\', serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969);\">.</strong></p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
syndróm
Pojem: 
Mechanicky nezaraditeľný pacient
Definícia: 

<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #222222; font-family: \'Times New Roman\', serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.917969);\">Pacient, ktor&eacute;ho nie je možn&eacute; zaradiť do troch Mckenzie syndr&oacute;mov. V&nbsp;tom pr&iacute;pade testujeme &uacute;ľavov&eacute; polohy a&nbsp;pohyby, alebo naopak provokačn&eacute; polohy a&nbsp;pohyby a&nbsp;reakciu na spr&aacute;vne držanie tela s&nbsp;elimin&aacute;ciou maxim&aacute;lnych rozsahov pohybu.</span></p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
Mackenzie syndrómy
Pojem: 
Chronická obštrukčná choroba pľúc (CHOCHP)
Definícia: 

<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF /> <w:LidThemeOther>SK</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /> <w:Word11KerningPairs /> <w:CachedColBalance /> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val=\"Cambria Math\" /> <m:brkBin m:val=\"before\" /> <m:brkBinSub m:val=\" \" /> <m:smallFrac m:val=\"off\" /> <m:dispDef /> <m:lMargin m:val=\"0\" /> <m:rMargin m:val=\"0\" /> <m:defJc m:val=\"centerGroup\" /> <m:wrapIndent m:val=\"1440\" /> <m:intLim m:val=\"subSup\" /> <m:naryLim m:val=\"undOvr\" /> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=\"false\" DefUnhideWhenUsed=\"true\" DefSemiHidden=\"true\" DefQFormat=\"false\" DefPriority=\"99\" LatentStyleCount=\"267\"> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"0\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Normal\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"9\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"heading 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"9\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"heading 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"9\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"heading 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"9\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"heading 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"9\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"heading 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"9\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"heading 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"9\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"heading 7\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"9\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"heading 8\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"9\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"heading 9\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 7\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 8\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 9\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"35\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"caption\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"10\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Title\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"1\" Name=\"Default Paragraph Font\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"11\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Subtitle\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"0\" Name=\"Body Text 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"22\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Strong\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"20\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Emphasis\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"0\" Name=\"Normal (Web)\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"59\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Table Grid\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Placeholder Text\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"1\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"No Spacing\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Revision\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"34\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"List Paragraph\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"29\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Quote\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"30\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Intense Quote\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"19\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Subtle Emphasis\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"21\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Intense Emphasis\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"31\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Subtle Reference\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"32\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Intense Reference\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"33\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Book Title\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"37\" Name=\"Bibliography\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"TOC Heading\" /> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:\"Table Normal\"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:\"\"; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:\"Times New Roman\",\"serif\";} --> <!--[end -->CHOCHP je takmer v&yacute;hradne chorobou dospel&eacute;ho veku a&nbsp;jej prevalencia<span>&nbsp; </span>zvy&scaron;uj&uacute;cim vekom st&uacute;pa. Podľa s&uacute;časn&yacute;ch predst&aacute;v je CHOCHP patologick&yacute;m stavom starnutia pľ&uacute;c, ktor&eacute; ur&yacute;chľuj&uacute; exog&eacute;nne &scaron;kodliviny a&nbsp;endog&eacute;nne faktory.</p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
choroby pľúc
Pojem: 
náhodná hypotemia
Definícia: 

<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;\"><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;\">n&aacute;hodna hypotermia vznik&aacute; vtedy, ak teplota telesn&eacute;ho jadra samovoľne klesne pod 36 &deg;C.</span></span></span></p>

Pojem: 
Teplota telesného jadra (centrálna teplota)
Definícia: 

<p><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-ansi-language: SK; mso-fareast-language: SK; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">Teplota nameran&aacute; ezofage&aacute;lne, rekt&aacute;lne alebo<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp;</span>epitympanicky, vyžaduje &scaron;peci&aacute;lny teplomer. </span></p>

Stránky