Globálny slovník portálu IMED

Pojem: 
Lymfokéla
Definícia: 

Lymfou vyplnená kolekcia v retroperitoneu, ktorá nemá žiadnu epitelovú výstelku.

Kľúčové slovo: 
Radikálna operácia
Lymfadenektómia
Pojem: 
Skleroterapia
Definícia: 

Injekcia chemického iritans do cievy na jej sklerotizáciu. Chemická látka dráždi výstelku cievy, spôsobujúc jej opuch a zrážanie krvi. Cieva sa premení na jazvovité tkanivo, ktoré sa stane neviditeľným. Krvný tok sa presúva do blízkych zdravých ciev.

Kľúčové slovo: 
Lymfocysta
Hemoroid
Varix
Pojem: 
Marsupializácia
Definícia: 

Premena uzatvorenej dutiny na otvorené púzdro jej incíziou a sutúrou okrajov jej steny k okrajom rany.

Kľúčové slovo: 
Absces
Cysta
Pojem: 
Laryngeálna kanyla
Definícia: 

<p><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-ansi-language: SK; mso-fareast-language: CS; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp;</span>Larynge&aacute;lna kanyla </span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-ansi-language: SK; mso-fareast-language: CS; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">je jednorazov&aacute; supraglotick&aacute; pom&ocirc;cka na zaistenie priechodnosti horn&yacute;ch d&yacute;chac&iacute;ch ciest.</span></p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
laryngeálna kanyla
Pojem: 
ERC
Definícia: 

<p>Eur&oacute;pska resuscitačn&aacute; rada</p>

Pojem: 
Aspirácia
Definícia: 

<p>vd&yacute;chnutie cudz&iacute;ch telies ev. žal&uacute;dočn&eacute;ho obsahu do priedu&scaron;nice</p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
aspirácia
Pojem: 
laparoskópia
Definícia: 

operačná technika založená na princípe použitia špeciálnych nástrojov, ktoré sa zavádzajú do dutiny brušnej cez maličké (niekoľko milimetrové) rany

Kľúčové slovo: 
laparoskópia
Pojem: 
sutúra vredu
Definícia: 

operačné ošetrenie, zašitie otvoru

Kľúčové slovo: 
sutúra
Pojem: 
gastroduodénum
Definícia: 

časť tráviaceho traktu, ktorú tvorí žalúdok a dvanástnik

Kľúčové slovo: 
gastroduodénum
Pojem: 
Kolorektálny karcinóm
Definícia: 

Najčastejší karcinóm postihujúci hrubé črevo a rektum. Slovensko v súčastnosti patrí medzi krajiny s najväčšou prevalenciou tohto ochorenia.

Kľúčové slovo: 
kolorektálny karcinóm
Pojem: 
CT vyšetrenie
Definícia: 

<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: &quot;Georgia&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SK; mso-fareast-language: SK; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"SK\">CT (poč&iacute;tačov&aacute; tomografia) je </span><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: &quot;Georgia&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: SK; mso-fareast-language: SK; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"SK\">neinvaz&iacute;vna radiodiagnostick&aacute; met&oacute;da, ktorou sa vy&scaron;etrovan&aacute; oblasť ľudsk&eacute;ho tela zobrazuje po jednotliv&yacute;ch vrstv&aacute;ch. Z&aacute;kladn&yacute;m princ&iacute;pom met&oacute;dy je zber a poč&iacute;tačov&eacute; spracovanie veľk&eacute;ho množstva &uacute;dajov o hodnote absorpcie r&ouml;ntgenov&eacute;ho žiarenia tkanivom. T&aacute;to metodika je oveľa presnej&scaron;ia a dok&aacute;že odhaliť už detaily s veľkosťou 2 mm. Najv&auml;č&scaron;&iacute;m pr&iacute;nosom na rozdiel od klasick&eacute;ho RTG vy&scaron;etrenia je zobrazenie m&auml;kk&yacute;ch čast&iacute; a parench&yacute;mov&yacute;ch org&aacute;nov. V&yacute;hodou je nielen zobrazenie patologick&eacute;ho procesu, ale aj jeho vzťah k okolit&yacute;m &scaron;trukt&uacute;ram. Samozrejmosťou s&uacute; multiplan&aacute;rne rekon&scaron;trukcie, č&iacute;m sa umožňuje dobr&aacute; priestorov&aacute; orient&aacute;cia využiteľn&aacute; pri pl&aacute;novan&iacute; operačn&eacute;ho rie&scaron;enia.</span></p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
CT vyšetrenie
Pojem: 
Glasgow coma scale
Definícia: 

<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Georgia, serif;\" lang=\"SK\">Pre &uacute;čely kvantitat&iacute;vneho zhodnotenia z&aacute;važnosti ko&shy;mat&oacute;zneho stavu, ale aj pre potreby jeho prognostikova&shy;nia či sledovania efekt&iacute;vnosti terapie sa zauž&iacute;vala tzv. Glas&shy;gowsk&aacute; &scaron;k&aacute;la (Glasgow coma scale). Vypracovan&aacute; bola pre potreby pos&uacute;denia stavu po kraniocerebr&aacute;lnych trau&shy;m&aacute;ch, av&scaron;ak použ&iacute;va sa aj na zhodnotenie stavov po sekun&shy;d&aacute;rnom po&scaron;koden&iacute; mozgu, ako je kardi&aacute;lna z&aacute;stava, rea&shy;nim&aacute;cia, stavy po neuroinfektoch alebo intracerebr&aacute;lnych hemoragi&aacute;ch</span></p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
Glasgow coma scale
Pojem: 
akútny koronárny syndróm
Definícia: 

<p>Term&iacute;n ak&uacute;tny koron&aacute;rny syndr&oacute;m je považovan&yacute; iba za pracovn&uacute; diagn&oacute;zu.</p>
<p>Podľa <strong><em>EKG obrazu</em></strong> sa rozdeľuje na ak&uacute;tny infarkt myokardu s&nbsp;ST-elev&aacute;ciami (<strong>STEMI</strong>), či bez ST-elev&aacute;ci&iacute; (<strong>NSTEMI</strong>) a nestabiln&uacute; anginu pectoris (<strong>NAP</strong>).</p>
<p>Pričom <strong><em>biochemick&eacute; vy&scaron;etrenie kardiomarkerov</em></strong>, ktor&eacute; odl&iacute;&scaron;i NSTEMI (pozitivita markerov) od NAP (negat&iacute;vne markery).</p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
infarkt myokardu
Pojem: 
asthma bronchiale professionale
Definícia: 

<span style="\&quot;color:" rgb(0,="" 0,="" 0);="" font-family:="" verdana,="" geneva,="" sans-serif;="" font-size:="" 15px;="" line-height:="" 22px;="" text-align:="" justify;\"="">Chronické zápalové ochorenie dýchacích ciest následkom inhalácie látok pracovného prostredia, pri ktorom majú význam žírne bunky a eozinofily. Zápal zvyšuje hyperreaktivitu priedušiek, ktorej výsledkom sú prejavy bronchiálnej obštrukcie,  reverzibilnej spontánne alebo vplyvom liečby

Kľúčové slovo: 
astma bronchiale
Pojem: 
Volvulus
Definícia: 

áúčáäčšňíčňščú<span style="\&quot;font-size:" 11.0pt;="" line-height:="" 115%;="" font-family:="" &quot;calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;="" mso-ascii-theme-font:="" minor-latin;="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" calibri;="" mso-fareast-theme-font:="" mso-hansi-theme-font:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" &quot;times="" new="" roman&quot;;="" mso-bidi-theme-font:="" minor-bidi;="" mso-ansi-language:="" en-us;="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-bidi-language:="" ar-sa;\"="" lang="\&quot;EN-US\&quot;">menu a ciev mezentéria

Kľúčové slovo: 
volvulus
Pojem: 
Paraneoplastické syndrómy
Definícia: 

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m:val=\"before\" /> <m:brkBinSub m:val=\"&#45;-\" /> <m:smallFrac m:val=\"off\" /> <m:dispDef /> <m:lMargin m:val=\"0\" /> <m:rMargin m:val=\"0\" /> <m:defJc m:val=\"centerGroup\" /> <m:wrapIndent m:val=\"1440\" /> <m:intLim m:val=\"subSup\" /> <m:naryLim m:val=\"undOvr\" /> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=\"false\" DefUnhideWhenUsed=\"true\" DefSemiHidden=\"true\" DefQFormat=\"false\" DefPriority=\"99\" LatentStyleCount=\"267\"> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"0\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Normal\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"9\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"heading 1\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"9\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"heading 2\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"9\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"heading 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"9\" 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Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 3\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" 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<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 4\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" 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SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 5\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 6\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"19\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Subtle Emphasis\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"21\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Intense Emphasis\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"31\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Subtle Reference\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"32\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Intense Reference\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"33\" SemiHidden=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Book Title\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"37\" Name=\"Bibliography\" /> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"TOC Heading\" /> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:\"Norm&aacute;lna tabuľka\"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:\"\"; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:\"Times New Roman\",\"serif\";} --> <!--[endif] --><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;\">Predstavuj&uacute; &scaron;irok&eacute; spektrum<span>&nbsp; </span>pr&iacute;znakov, ktor&eacute; maj&uacute; s&uacute;vis s&nbsp;n&aacute;dorov&yacute;m ochoren&iacute;m, ale nie s&uacute; sp&ocirc;soben&eacute; priamym lok&aacute;lnym rastom prim&aacute;rneho n&aacute;doru ani jeho vzdialen&yacute;ch metast&aacute;z. </span></p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
paraneoplastický syndróm
Pojem: 
Hashimotova tyreoiditída
Definícia: 

<p>Hashimotova tyreoidit&iacute;da je charakterizovan&aacute; de&scaron;trukciou buniek &scaron;t&iacute;tnej žľazy bunkovo a humor&aacute;lne podmienen&yacute;mi imunitn&yacute;mi procesmi. Je najčastej&scaron;ou pr&iacute;činou hypotyre&oacute;zy v rozvinut&yacute;ch krajin&aacute;ch po veku 6 rokov. Hashimotova tyreoidit&iacute;da je s&uacute;časťou spektra autoimunitn&yacute;ch ochoren&iacute; &scaron;t&iacute;tnej žľazy.</p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
-
Pojem: 
Graves Basedowova choroba
Definícia: 

<p>Graves Basedowova choroba je charakterizovan&aacute; hypertyre&oacute;zou, sp&ocirc;sobenou cirkuluj&uacute;cimi autoprotil&aacute;tkami. &Scaron;t&iacute;tnu žľazu stimuluj&uacute;ce protil&aacute;tky a TSH sa viažu a aktivuj&uacute; tyreotrop&iacute;nov&eacute; receptory, sp&ocirc;sobuj&uacute; rast žľazy a zv&yacute;&scaron;enie synt&eacute;zy horm&oacute;nov &scaron;t&iacute;tnej žľazy vo folikuloch &scaron;t&iacute;tnej žľazy. Graves Basedowova choroba, spolu s Hashimotovou tyreoidit&iacute;dou, je klasifikovan&aacute; ako autoimunitn&eacute; ochorenie &scaron;t&iacute;tnej žľazy.</p>

Kľúčové slovo: 
-
Pojem: 
dispenzarizácia
Definícia: 

Sledovanie pacientov po prebehnutej liečbe (lokálnej - chirurgickej, radiačnej alebo systémovej - chemoterapia, imunoterapia) na odhalenie relapsu ochorenia a na sledovanie a menežment neskorej toxicity liečby.

(ang. follow-up)

Pojem: 
dispenzarizácia
Definícia: 

<p>
Sledovanie pacientov po prebehnutej liečbe (lok&aacute;lnej - chirurgickej, radiačnej alebo syst&eacute;movej - chemoterapia, immunoterapia) na odhalenie relapsu ochorenia a na sledovanie a menežment neskorej toxicity liečby.</p>
<p>
(ang. follow-up)</p>

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